History of the Electrons and Protons

Electrons:
J.J. Tomson was the man that in 1897 discovered that an atom has negatively charged parts.  He thought that these negative parts are in the atom just kind of floating around but he was wrong.  He also relized that an atom has a neutral charge which means there must be positively charged parts also.  But, back to electrons.  They have a very small mass compared to the other parts of an atom. It has a mass of 0.000000000000000000000000000911 grams. Is about 1/836 atomic mass units.They are very small and very light and they are nothing compared to the nucleus of an atom.  Electrons can be at different energy levels throughout the atom.  They can take in or let go of something called a photon.  A photon is particles of light.  To learn more about these photons go to http://www.windows2universe.org/physical_science/magnetism/photon.html   In the atom these electrons don'tgo in little tracks like some people thought.  Erwin Shroedinger found out that these electrons just zoom around the atom where ever they want. There isn't a certain circle they follow the whole time.  The Modern Atomic Model has a nucleus in the center and then there is a big area where we think the electrons might be.  As you can see these electrons are very interesting but here is some information about the proton.

Protons:
Protons are very close to the size of a neutron and a lot bigger than electrons.  It has a mass of 1 atomic mass units.It was discovored in 1897 by J.J. Thomson.  It has 1,836 times more mass than an electron.  They are positively charged and there are the same number as protons as electrons.  You can find how many protons by looking at the atomic number in the upper corner of the atom in the periotic table.  A proton is made up of these things called quarks.  There are three quarks in every proton.  They are up, up, and down.  There are six types of quarks and they are up, down, top, bottom, charm, and strange.  These quarks are held together by gluons.  Protons are in the middle of the atom with the neutron.  The neutrons and protons make up the nucleus that has all the mass of an atom.

Here is a drawing of an atom.  But remeber that the electrons don't go on set circles they go where they want to go and just sort of bonce around.

This shows a proton and the quarks that are inside of it and that are held together by gluons.









Citations:
I got all my information from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton  http://www.windows2universe.org/physical_science/physics/atom_particle/proton.html  http://www.windows2universe.org/physical_science/physics/atom_particle/electron.html